Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam 2026 - Free Paramedic Practice Questions and Study Guide

In respiratory acidosis, the primary abnormality is an increase in carbon dioxide (PCO2) levels in the blood due to inadequate ventilation. When the lungs are unable to effectively remove carbon dioxide from the body, it accumulates, leading to a higher PCO2. Typically, in this condition, the PCO2 is greater than 40 mmHg.

In a healthy individual, the normal range for PCO2 is between approximately 35 to 45 mmHg. When levels exceed 40 mmHg, it indicates that there is too much carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, which is consistent with respiratory acidosis. Conditions that can lead to respiratory acidosis include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), severe asthma, or any situation where ventilation is compromised.

Understanding the physiological mechanism behind respiratory acidosis helps clarify why an elevated PCO2 level is a hallmark of this condition. This knowledge is crucial for paramedics and healthcare providers in recognizing and managing patients presenting with respiratory compromise effectively.